The study theorizes that Fiji’s iguanas made their way across 5,000 miles of ocean from North America atop “rafts” made from vegetation or uprooted trees.
Nicholas HessCrested iguanas ( Brachylophus vitiensis ) like this one are closely refer to North American desert iguanas .
Fiji ’s iguanas have long been a mystery . How did the reptiles make it to an island more than 1,000 nautical miles from land ? A new survey has postulated that iguanas got there like early humans did : by watercraft .
More specifically , the study suggest that the iguanas “ raft ” from North America to Fiji on clumps of vegetation some 30 to 34 million years ago , a journeying that would have taken the reptiles across 5,000 Swedish mile of clear sea .
Nicholas HessCrested iguanas (Brachylophus vitiensis) like this one are closely related to North American desert iguanas.
Though it may seem outlandish , the study ’s authors think that rafting is the only way that iguanas could have gotten to Fiji . And they say they have the grounds to back it up .
Inside The Theory That Iguanas “Rafted” From North America To Fiji
The report into Fiji ’s Iguana iguana , recently release in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , started with a question : Just how did Fiji ’s four species of Iguana iguana get to the island country in the first place ?
Fijian iguanas are the only iguanas that are n’t native to the Western Hemisphere , so the written report authors ’ first step was looking into their DNA . They found that the iguana on Fiji , which go to the genusBrachylophus , are closely related to the desert iguana of the American Southwest and northwestern Mexico , which belong to the genusDipsosaurus .
“ Our depth psychology of genetic data , divergence geological dating , and biogeographic models launch that Fijian iguanas are most closely related to North American desert common iguana , ” lead generator Simon Scarpetta , an assistant professor of Environmental Science at the University of San Francisco who began the bailiwick as a National Science Foundation postdoctoral company at the University of California , Berkeley , explain toAll That ’s Interestingin an email .
USGSA Central Fijian banded iguana,Brachylophus bulabula.
What ’s more , Scarpetta and his team found that “ the divergency between the two groups is between 31 and 34 million eld ago . ” In other words , something happened then forBrachylophusto offshoot off fromDipsosaurus .
USGSA Central Fijian ring iguana , Brachylophus bulabula .
This was of import , as the Fijian archipelago was formed some 34 million years ago by volcanic action . Iguanas floating around in the sea on loose flora would have had somewhere to land .
Simon Scarpetta and Jim McGuireA map showing the various ways that iguanas may have made their way to Fiji millions of years ago.
Iguanas have been keep “ rafting ” before , notably around the Caribbean . And researchers also suspect that rafting facilitated Iguana iguana ’ migration from Central America to the Galapagos Islands long ago . Scarpetta and his co - writer thus indicate that something similar happened in Fiji when North American Iguana iguana raft 5,000 naut mi to the island .
But 5,000 miles is a longsighted way for a lounge lizard to locomote . So , Scarpetta and his squad also had to reason why iguana rafting is more likely than any other possibility .
Examining The Evidence That Iguanas Rafted To Fiji
There are other theories about how common iguana catch to Fiji . One is that the island ’s common iguana are perhaps a member of an out group . Another suggests that the iguanas first cross over body politic from the Americas to Asia or Australia and thus hold out a much short crossing to Fiji .
Simon Scarpetta and Jim McGuireA map usher the various ways that iguanas may have made their way to Fiji millions of years ago .
As to the first point , Scarpetta and his team were able to determine that the Fiji iguanas are related to North American iguanas , not to an unknown coinage . To the second , the split in their genus some 30 million years ago come at a metre when much of the Earth was cold and frosty . This suggests that the heat - loving iguanas could not have survived a ocean trip through Asia or Australia at the time that they made their direction to Fiji .
“ [ T]here [ also ] is no fossil evidence that iguanas ever inhabited anywhere in the Eastern Hemisphere besides Fiji and Tonga , ” Scarpetta explained toAll That ’s Interesting . “ On the other hand , there are several fogey of the desert iguana filiation and at least one other early iguana in North America . ”
As such , rafting seems like the most potential possible action . And the subject field author are positive that the iguana would have survived such a journeying .
Though their voyage would have taken calendar month — Scarpetta toldAll That ’s Interestingthat past simulations have suggested that the voyage could have taken as many as 12 months or as few as 2.5 months — Iguana iguana are able to survive long period without intellectual nourishment or water . And if they were floating on an uprooted Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree , they may have been able to live by eating parting of it .
“ If you had to pluck a craniate to survive a farseeing tripper on a mickle across an sea , common iguana would be a great alternative , ” Scarpetta remarked toAll That ’s Interesting . “ Iguana iguana are large , herbivorous , and many living species are resistant to starving , evaporation , and heat … They were also in all probability resilient to the experimental condition they face on the style , such as want of standing water supply and gamy temperature . ”
After read about how iguanas may have “ raft ” from North America to Fiji , get word the narration of howThor Heyerdahlcrossed the Pacific on a wooden mountain to prove that ancient people could have done the same . Or , seem through24 mesmerizing examples of animal camo .
