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Researchers work in Bolivia recently discovered four new species of tuco - tuco , a small , gopher - alike gnawer key for its distinct vocalizations . Previously , scientists thought only eight metal money of this adorable critter hold out in Bolivia , and so the fresh find bring that number up to 12 .
Identifying anew specie of mammalis very uncommon , which makes the discovery of four fresh species of tuco - tuco something truly especial , said Scott Lyell Gardner , director of the H.W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln , who led the team in their inquiry on the new specie .
Rodents called tuco-tucos inhabit the lowland plains, or Chaco, of Bolivia and Paraguay. The species Ctenomys conoveri is shown here.
" In the current environment of man - caused environmental disturbance and degradation , the breakthrough of four antecedently unknown coinage that are comparatively large in size is phenomenal , " Gardner saidin a statement .
Tuco - tucos live underground , in extensive networks of burrows , used for snuggle and storing food . The rodent are typically between 7 and 12 inches ( 18 to 30 centimeters ) long and weigh less than a pound ( 0.5 kilograms ) each . They commune with one another through a series of short , but astonishingly loud , " tuc - tuc " sounds , hence their unusual name . [ Images : 4 Tuco - Tuco Species find in Bolivia ]
Gardner and his squad find all of the new species in the lowlands and central valley of Bolivia , a neighborhood know for its biological diversity .
Three of the new identified specie — Ctenomys erikacuellarae , Ctenomys andersoniandCtenomys lessai — were found in an area of Bolivia with a unparalleled landscape painting . The region is scattered with gamey ridges , which were organise by the same geologic pressure that pushed up the nearbyAndes Mountains .
These ridges , along with the deep river valleys run between them , keep tuco - tuco mathematical group isolated from one another . This isolation lead to the evolution of trenchant species of the rodent within the different valleys , the researchers said .
More species to come ?
" The arena from which these mammal were collected is still relatively strange in a biological sense , even though this is the easterly foothills of the Andes , with among the highest level of biodiversity anywhere , " Gardner said . He expects that other new species of mammals will finally be identified in the region , he summate .
Researchers found the fourth newly identified specie of tuco - tuco , Ctenomys yatesi , in the lowlands of eastern Bolivia . scientist had antecedently grouped this tuco - tuco with anotherCtenomyspecies , but Isabella Stewart Gardner ’s squad sequenced its desoxyribonucleic acid and see the animal actually represented a unequalled species .
As many as 65 species of tuco - tuco live throughout South America , according to theresearchers ' newspaper , publish last month by the Museum of Texas Tech University . The animals ' mountain range pass from southern Peru down to Tierra del Fuego at the gratuity of South America . The gnawer inhabit both the Highlands of Scotland of Peru and Bolivia , and the Lowlands of Scotland of southeastern Brazil and northeast Uruguay .
Parasites of tuco - tucos
Gardner said that as a parasitologist , his enquiry focuses primarily on the sponge that infect these rodents . But to properly canvas the parasites , Gardner first had to severalise among the unlike tuco - tuco mintage he encountered .
" As we go along , it turn out these species were more unique than we realized , and we collected more and more as we go through different plaza , " Gardner say .
The data Gardner has obtain twosome three decennary of specimen appeal and deoxyribonucleic acid sequence . investigator accumulate all of the newly key out tuco - tuco specie using trap placed inside the animate being ' tunnel .
After the scientist weigh , measured and determined the sex of each tuco - tuco , the animals were preserved for role as museum specimen . Tissue samples of each beast , collected for DNA analysis , were preserved in the field using liquid N .
lately , biologists from Arizona State Universitycalled into questionthe pattern of collecting specimen of rarified coinage . Those scientists suggested the practice threatens animals already on the verge of quenching . But Gardner said he sees amass specimen as a necessary part of preserve these animals .
" The number one cause of extinction of organism is loss of home ground , " Gardner say . " Because of magnanimous - weighing machine , human - caused home ground destruction occurring worldwide , it is essential to create appeal of organisms now , and apply modern methods of systematics and ecology to understand the story of life on Earth , while we still can . Time is modified . "
